| Vegetation Classification System for South Florida National Parks | ||
| from
Welch, R. and M. Madden. 1999. Vegetation Map and Digital Database of South
Florida's National Park Service Lands, final report to the U.S. Department
of the Interior, National Park Service, Cooperative Agreement Number 5280-4-9006,
Center for Remote Sensing and Mapping Science, University of Georgia, Athens,
44 pp. |
||
| F | FOREST - High-density stands of trees with heights over 5 metres. | |
| FM | Mangrove Forest | |
| FMa | Black (Avicennia germinans) Mangrove | |
| FMl | White (Laguncularia racemosa) Mangrove | |
| FMlb | White Mangrove or Buttonwood Forest - This class signifies that it is uncertain whether vegetation is white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) or buttonwood forest (Conocarpus erectus), since signatures on the aerial photographs are very similar. Field checking is required to correctly identify the species. | |
| FMr | Red (Rhizophora mangle) Mangrove | |
| FMx | Mixed mangrove - Specific mixtures of mangrove species, when identified, will be distinguished as subgroups. | |
| FB | Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) Forest - Conocarpus erectus with variable mixtures of subtropical hardwoods. | |
| FT | Subtropical Hardwood Forest - Lysiloma latisiliquum, Quercus virginiana, Bursera simaruba, Mastichodendron foetidissimum, Swietenia mahagoni, among others. | |
| FO | Oak Sabal Forest - Quercus laurifolia, Q. virginiana, Sabal palmetto. | |
| FP | Paurotis Palm (Acoelorrhaphe wrightii) Forest | |
| FC | Cabbage Palm (Sabal palmetto) Forest | |
| FS | Swamp Forest | |
| FSh | Mixed Hardwood Swamp Forest - Quercus virginiana, Q. laurifolia, Acer rubrum, Sabal palmetto, Fraxinus caroliniana. | |
| FSc | Cypress Strands - Taxodium ascendens, T. distichum; cypress domes are treated as a subgroup. Cypress strands (especially in BICY) may contain an understory of species such as Annona glabra, Chrysobalanus icaco, and Fraxinus caroliniana. | |
| FSd | Cypress Domes/Heads - Taxodium ascendens, T. distichum ; cypress growing in a depression such that trees in the center are tallest and give the characteristic dome shape. Delineated domes may contain a fringe of short cypress (less than 5 metres). | |
| FSt | Cypress - Taxodium ascendens, T. distichum; cypress moderately to densely distributed with an open canopy. Cypress domes may be located within these communities. | |
| FSx | Cypress Mixed Hardwoods - Taxodium ascendens and T. distichum with variable mixtures of subtropical and temperate hardwoods; predominantly in BICY. | |
| FSa | Mixed Hardwoods, Cypress and Pine - Mixture of various subtropical hardwoods with Taxodium distichum with occassional Pinus elliottii var. densa. | |
| FSCpi | Cypress-Pines - Taxodium distichum with Pinus elliottii and a mixed hardwood scrub understory. | |
| FSb | Bayhead - Magnolia virginiana, Annona glabra, Chrysobalanus icaco, Persea borbonia, Ilex cassine, Metopium toxiferum, among others. | |
S |
SCRUB - Low-density areas of trees and shrubs with heights under 5 meters. |
|
| SM | Mangrove Scrub - The vegetation matrix in which the scrub occurs should be noted, e.g., within Eleocharis marsh. | |
| SMr | Red (Rhizophora mangle) | |
| SMa | Black (Avicennia germinans) | |
| SMl | White (Laguncularia racemosa) | |
| SMlb | White Mangrove or Buttonwood Scrub - This class signifies that it is uncertain whether vegetation is scub white mangrove (Laguncularia racemosa) or buttonwood scrub (Conocarpus erectus), since signatures on the aerial photographs are very similar. Field checking is required to correctly identify the species. | |
| SMx | Mixed scrub - Sparse and high-density subgroups/modifiers can be distingished. | |
| SC | Buttonwood (Conocarpus erectus) Scrub | |
| SP | Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens) Scrub | |
| SH | Hardwood Scrub - Includes species such as Metopium toxiferum, Persea borbonia, Myrica cerifera, Ilex cassine, Magnolia virginiana, Myrsine floridana, Conocarpus erectus, Chyrsobalanus icaco and others. Often contains a moderate to heavy component of mixed grasses. Scrub oak (Quercus virginiana) is often included in areas of BICY. | |
| SS | Bay-Hardwood Scrub - Mixed association of bayhead swamp species, buttonwood scrub and hardwood scrub species such as Myrica cerifera, Chyrsobalanus icaco, leather fern (Acrostichum danaeifolium), Conocarpus erectus and Cladium jamaicense. Minor species include Metopium toxiferum, Ilex cassine, Persea borbonia, Sabal palmetto and Cephalanthus occidentalis. Occurs in the transition zone between saline and fresh environments. | |
SV |
SAVANNA - Low-density (open canopy) trees in a matrix of graminoids. |
|
| SVPI | Pine (Pinus elliottii var. densa) Savanna | |
| SVx | Slash pine mixed with palms - Pinus elliottii var. densa, Serenoa repens, Sabal palmetto; typical of BICY. | |
| SVPIh | Slash pine with hardwoods - Pinus elliottii var. densa, Rhus copallina, Guettarda scabra, Bumelia salicifolia, Tetrazygia bicolor, Dodonea viscosa, among others; typical of EVER. | |
| SVPIc | Slash pine with cypress - Pinus elliottii var. densa dominant with Taxodium distichum interspersed. | |
| SVC | Cypress (Taxodium distichum and T. ascendens) Savanna | |
| SVCd | Dwarf cypress - Cypress of stunted growth less than 5 metres in height. | |
| SVCpi | Cypress with pine - Taxodium distichum and T.ascendens dominant with mixed Pinus elliottii var. densa. | |
| SVPM | Palm (Sabal palmetto) Savanna | |
P |
PRAIRIES AND MARSHES |
|
| PG | Graminoid Prairie/Marsh - Contains grasses, sedges and rushes. The extent of periphyton cover is expressed as a modifier for all appropriate subclasses. | |
| PGj | Black rush (Juncus roemerianus) | |
| PGc | Sawgrass (Cladium jamaicense) - The modifier 't' is used to distinguish tall sawgrass, e.g., PGct. | |
| PGm | Muhly grass (Muhlenbergia filipes) | |
| PGs | Cordgrass (Spartina spp.) | |
| PGe | Spike rush (Eleocharis cellulosa) | |
| PGp | Common reed (Phragmites spp.) | |
| PGa | Maidencane (Panicum hemitomon) | |
| PGw | Maidencane-Spike rush - Mix of shallow open water, Eleocharis spp. and Panicum hemitomon which can include sparse associations of low stature Cladium jamaicense, Typha spp., Sagittaria lancifolia, Pontedaria lanceolata, Nymphaea spp., etc. typical of SFWMD impounded conservation areas. | |
| PGx | Mixed graminoids - Specific mixtures of graminoids, when identified, will be distinguished as subgroups. | |
| PE | Non graminoid Emergent Marsh - Pontederia lanceolata, Sagittaria spp., Nymphaea odorata, Typha spp., with Ludwigia repens and Utricularia spp. as possible submergents. | |
| PEb | Broadleaf Emergents | |
| PEf | Floating/Floating Attached Emergents | |
| PEa | Leather Fern | |
| PEo | Other Mixed Non-Graminids - Other non-grass species such as Mikania, Polygonum spp., Cicuta mexicana. | |
| PC | Cattail (Typha spp.) Marsh | |
| PH | Halophytic Herbaceous Prairie | |
| PHg | Graminoid - Saltgrass (Distichlis spicata), smutgrass (Sporobolus spp.) and keys grass (Monanthocloe littoralis). | |
| PHs | Succulent - Very salt tolerant species such as saltwort (Batis maritima), glasswort (Salicornia spp.) and sea purslane (Sesuvium spp.). | |
| PPI | Prairie with Scattered Pines - Sparsely distributed Pinus elliottii var. densa in a matrix of graminoids, at the pinelands-glades ecotone. | |
SB |
SHRUBLANDS |
|
| SBs | Willow (Salix caroliniana) | |
| SBf | Pop Ash (Fraxinus caroliniana) | |
| SBm | Wax myrtle (Myrica cerifera) | |
| SBb | Groundsel bush (Baccharis spp.) | |
| SBc | Buttonbush (Cephalanthus occidentalis) | |
| SBl | Primrose (Ludwigia spp.) | |
| SBy | Cocoplum (Chrysobalanus icaco) | |
| SBa | Pond Apple (Annona glabra) | |
| SBt | Cypress (Taxodium ascendens, T. distichum) | |
E |
EXOTICS - For sparse to low-density stands, modifiers are used to indicate (1)the vegetation matrix in which the exotic occurs, and (2) the original vegetation replaced by the exotic, when applicable. |
|
| EM | Cajeput (Melaleuca quinquenervia) | |
| EC | Australian Pine (Casuarina spp.) | |
| EO | Lather Leaf (Colubrina asiatica) | |
| ES | Brazilian Pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) | |
| EA | Shoebutton Ardisia (Ardisia elliptica) | |
| EL | Tropical Soda Apple (Solanum viarum) | |
| EJ | Java Plum (Syzygium cumini) | |
| W | Open Water | |
| BCH | Beaches | |
| MUD | Mud | |
ADDITIONAL CATEGORIES |
||
| HI | Structures and Cultivated Lawns - Human Influence (HI) includes structures (e.g., buildings, fishing and hunting camps), parking lots and cultivated lawns. | |
| HIp | Pumping Stations | |
| HId | Disturbed Fish Camp Site - Human influence site common in SFWMD that has been disturbed by former fishing/hunting camp. Although buildings are no longer present, an unusual mix of introduced and exotic species persist. | |
| RD | Major Roads (greater than 30 m wide) | |
| C | Major Canals (greater than 30 m wide) | |
| ORV | ORV Trails | |
| SA | Spoil Areas | |
| SAd | Artificial Deer Islands | |